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Vallisneria
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Vallisneria image
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Robert R. Haynes in Flora of North America (vol. 22)
Plants perennial, of fresh or brackish waters. Rhizomes and stolons present. Erect stems rooted in substrate, unbranched, short. Leaves basal, submersed, sessile; blade linear, base grading into sheath, apex obtuse to apiculate; midvein with 4--5 rows of lacunae on each side, balde appearing 3-zoned with light-colored middle zone bordered on each side by darker zone; abaxial surfacely without prickles or aerenchyma; intravaginal squamules entire. Inflorescences cymose, long-pedunculate; spathe not winged. Flowers unisexual, staminate and pistillate on different plants, submersed or floating, sessile (staminate) or pedicellate (pistillate); petals transparent. Staminate flowers: filaments distinct, released from spathe and floating to surface; anthers spheric; pollen in monads. Pistillate flowers floating; ovary 1-locular; styles 1, not 2-fid. Fruits cylindric to ellipsoid, ridged, dehiscing irregularly. Seeds ellipsoid, glabrous. Vallisneria is generally considered to have 1-flowered pistillate inflorescences. A few populations in southern United States and Central America, however, have cymes with up to 30 flowers. The United States populations include those in Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi.

Vascular plants of NE US and adjacent Canada
Dioecious; staminate fls minute, numerous in a head subtended by a short-pedunculate, ovoid, bivalved spathe arising from the base, with 3 sep (one smaller), one pet-vestige, and 2 stamens, the fls at anthesis separating individually and floating to the surface; pistillate fls mostly solitary and sessile in a tubular, apically bifid spathe on a long, slender scape (reaching the surface), with 3 sep, 3 pet-vestiges, 3 staminodia, and 3 broad, bifid stigmas; pistillate scape coiling after anthesis and retracting the fr; ovules scattered over the ovary-wall; fr elongate, cylindric, indehiscent, many-seeded; vigorously stoloniferous, aquatic perennials with long, ribbon-like basal submersed lvs from a very short, erect crown. 2, cosmop.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

©The New York Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. Used by permission.
Show all taxa
Vallisneria americana
Image of Vallisneria americana
Vallisneria australis
Image of Vallisneria australis
Vallisneria gigantea
Image of Vallisneria gigantea
Vallisneria natans
Images
not available
The National Science Foundation
Development supported by National Science Foundation Grants (DBI 9983132, BRC 0237418, DBI 0743827, DBI 0847966)
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